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Custom models

As your application grows, you may find the need to group related logic together. We suggest either:

  • Creating static methods using a Prisma Client extension
  • Wrapping a model in a class
  • Extending Prisma Client model object

Static methods with Prisma Client extensions​

The following example demonstrates how to create a Prisma Client extension that adds a signUp and findManyByDomain methods to a User model.

import bcrypt from 'bcryptjs'
import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client'

const prisma = new PrismaClient().$extends({
  model: {
    user: {
      async signUp(email: string, password: string) {
        const hash = await bcrypt.hash(password, 10)
        return prisma.user.create({
          data: {
            email,
            password: {
              create: {
                hash,
              },
            },
          },
        })
      },

      async findManyByDomain(domain: string) {
        return prisma.user.findMany({
          where: { email: { endsWith: `@${domain}` } },
        })
      },
    },
  },
})

async function main() {
  // Example usage
  await prisma.user.signUp('user2@example2.com', 's3cret')

  await prisma.user.findManyByDomain('example2.com')
}

Wrap a model in a class​

In the example below, you'll see how you can wrap the user model in the Prisma Client within a Users class.

import { PrismaClient, User } from '@prisma/client'

type Signup = {
  email: string
  firstName: string
  lastName: string
}

class Users {
  constructor(private readonly prismaUser: PrismaClient['user']) {}

  // Signup a new user
  async signup(data: Signup): Promise<User> {
    // do some custom validation...
    return this.prismaUser.create({ data })
  }
}

async function main() {
  const prisma = new PrismaClient()
  const users = new Users(prisma.user)
  const user = await users.signup({
    email: 'alice@prisma.io',
    firstName: 'Alice',
    lastName: 'Prisma',
  })
}

With this new Users class, you can define custom functions like signup:

Note that in the example above, you're only exposing a signup method from Prisma Client. The Prisma Client is hidden within the Users class, so you're no longer be able to call methods like findMany and upsert.

This approach works well when you have a large application and you want to intentionally limit what your models can do.

Extending Prisma Client model object​

But what if you don't want to hide existing functionality but still want to group custom functions together? In this case, you can use Object.assign to extend Prisma Client without limiting its functionality:

import { PrismaClient, User } from '@prisma/client'

type Signup = {
  email: string
  firstName: string
  lastName: string
}

function Users(prismaUser: PrismaClient['user']) {
  return Object.assign(prismaUser, {
    /**
     * Signup the first user and create a new team of one. Return the User with
     * a full name and without a password
     */
    async signup(data: Signup): Promise<User> {
      return prismaUser.create({ data })
    },
  })
}

async function main() {
  const prisma = new PrismaClient()
  const users = Users(prisma.user)
  const user = await users.signup({
    email: 'alice@prisma.io',
    firstName: 'Alice',
    lastName: 'Prisma',
  })
  const numUsers = await users.count()
  console.log(user, numUsers)
}

Now you can use your custom signup method alongside count, updateMany, groupBy() and all of the other wonderful methods that Prisma Client provides. Best of all, it's all type-safe!

Going further​

We recommend using Prisma Client extensions to extend your models with custom model methods.